Question 1: Explain what a giant ionic lattice is and how it is formed during ionic bonding.

Answer: A giant ionic lattice is a three-dimensional structure formed by a regular arrangement of positive and negative ions held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction, resulting from ionic bonding between metal and non-metal atoms.

Question 2: Describe two physical properties commonly associated with ionic compounds that have giant ionic lattices.

Answer: They generally have high melting and boiling points, and they conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water.

Question 1: What type of charge do metal atoms typically have after losing electrons?

Answer: Positive charge (cations).

Question 2: Why do ions arrange themselves in a regular pattern within a giant ionic lattice?

Answer: To maximize electrostatic attraction and minimize repulsion, resulting in a stable structure.

Question 1: Calculate the number of moles in 58.5 grams of sodium chloride (NaCl). (Molar mass of NaCl = 58.5 g/mol)

Answer: 1 mol

Question 2: If a sample of magnesium oxide (MgO) contains 40 grams of MgO, what is its mass in moles? (Molar mass of MgO = 40.3 g/mol)

Answer: Approximately 0.99 mol

Question 1: Describe a simple experiment to test whether an ionic compound conducts electricity when molten or dissolved in water.

Answer: Place the ionic compound in a circuit with a power supply and a light bulb or multimeter. When dissolved in water or melted, the ions are free to move and conduct electricity, causing the bulb to light or the multimeter to register a current.

Question 2: Identify two safety precautions that should be taken when working with ionic compounds in a laboratory setting.

Answer: Wear protective gloves and goggles to prevent skin and eye contact; handle chemicals in a well-ventilated area.

Question 1: A sample of calcium chloride (CaCl2) dissolves in water and conducts electricity. Explain how this demonstrates the properties of a giant ionic lattice.

Answer: Dissolving calcium chloride in water causes the ionic bonds to break, releasing calcium and chloride ions into solution. The free ions enable electrical conduction, illustrating that ionic compounds in a lattice form strong electrostatic bonds but can conduct electricity when dissociated in water.

Question 2: Discuss two industries or everyday uses of ionic compounds with giant ionic lattices, explaining their significance.

Answer: Sodium chloride is used in food seasoning and preservation due to its solubility and stability. Calcium carbonate is used in construction (cement and plaster) because of its abundance and durability. Both rely on the properties of their ionic lattices for effectiveness.