Question 1: Define metallic bonding and describe the arrangement of metal atoms in a metallic lattice.

Answer: Metallic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between a lattice of metal cations and a 'sea' of delocalized electrons. Metal atoms in a metallic lattice are arranged in a regular, repeating pattern called a crystal lattice, with free electrons moving throughout.

Question 2: Explain why metals are good conductors of electricity based on their structure.

Answer: Metals are good conductors because their delocalized electrons are free to move throughout the lattice, allowing electric charge to flow easily.

Question 3: Multiple Choice: Which of the following best describes the structure of a metal? A) Ions arranged randomly with fixed electrons B) Ions arranged in a lattice with free electrons C) Molecules held together by covalent bonds D) Atoms arranged in a linear chain

Answer: B) Ions arranged in a lattice with free electrons

Question 4: Fill in the blank: Metals are malleable and ductile because their atoms are arranged in layers that can slide past each other without breaking the __________.

Answer: lattice

Question 5: Describe a simple experiment to demonstrate the electrical conductivity of a metal.

Answer: You can set up a circuit with a power source, a metal wire, and a bulb or multimeter. Connect the wire to the power source and observe if the bulb lights up or the multimeter detects current. The metal wire conducts electricity due to delocalized electrons, confirming its conductive property.

Question 6: Calculate the number of free electrons in 1 mole of copper atoms, given that each atom contributes one delocalized electron and Avogadro's number is 6.022×10^23.

Answer: Number of free electrons = 6.022 × 10^23 electrons

Question 7: Analyzing data: If a metal sample conducts electricity better than another, what structural property might explain this difference?

Answer: The sample with better conductivity likely has a more uniform or less defective metallic lattice, allowing delocalized electrons to move more freely.

Question 8: Identify variables to control in an experiment testing the malleability of different metals.

Answer: Variables to control include the size and shape of the metal samples, the force applied during bending, and the temperature at which the test is conducted.

Question 9: Explain how the structure of metals contributes to their use in electrical wiring.

Answer: The structure of metals, with their lattice of positive ions surrounded by a 'sea' of delocalized electrons, allows electrons to move freely, resulting in high electrical conductivity. This property makes metals like copper and aluminum ideal for electrical wiring, as they efficiently conduct electricity with minimal resistance and heat generation.