Question 1: Metals are generally good conductors of heat and electricity, malleable, ductile, and tend to lose electrons during chemical reactions. Non-metals are poor conductors, brittle, and tend to gain electrons. Based on this, explain why metals are often used for electrical wiring.

Answer: Because metals conduct electricity well and are malleable, making them suitable for wiring without breaking.

Question 2: Fill in the blank: Elements that are shiny, good conductors, and tend to lose electrons are called __________.

Answer: metals

Question 1: Given the following data: - Element A: Conductivity = High, Appearance = Shiny, State at Room Temperature = Solid, Metal or Non-metal? = Metal - Element B: Conductivity = Low, Appearance = Dull, State at Room Temperature = Gas, Metal or Non-metal? = Non-metal Identify which element is more likely to be used in electrical appliances and justify your answer.

Answer: Element A is more suitable because it has high conductivity and is a metal, which are essential properties for electrical appliances.

Question 2: Interpreting the data: If an element has a high melting point, is shiny, and conducts electricity, is it more likely a metal or a non-metal? Explain your reasoning.

Answer: It is more likely a metal because high melting points, shininess, and good electrical conductivity are typical properties of metals.

Question 1: Calculate the number of electrons lost or gained by an element with atomic number 16 when it becomes an ion with a charge of -2.

Answer: The atom gains 2 electrons, so total electrons gained = 2.

Question 2: Describe a simple experiment to test whether a substance is a metal or a non-metal using conductivity. Include safety precautions.

Answer: To test conductivity, place a small piece of the substance between two electrodes connected to a circuit. If the circuit completes and the bulb lights up, the substance is a good conductor (metal). Safety precautions include wearing gloves, eye protection, and ensuring the circuit is not overloaded to prevent shocks.

Question 1: A new non-metallic material is being developed for use in electronic devices. Based on properties such as poor conductivity and brittleness, suggest two possible uses for this material in electronics.

Answer: It could be used as an insulator to prevent electric currents from escaping or as a protective casing for electronic components.

Question 2: Explain how the properties of metals and non-metals influence their applications in everyday life, giving one example for each.

Answer: Metals, being good conductors and malleable, are used in electrical wiring and cookware. Non-metals, being poor conductors and brittle, are used as insulators and in plastics. For example, copper (metal) in wiring, and sulfur (non-metal) in rubber manufacturing.