Question 1: Addition polymerisation is a type of polymer formation where monomers with double bonds link together to form long chains. This process involves the breaking of double bonds in monomers and connecting them in a chain. It is commonly used to produce polymers like polyethylene and polystyrene.

Answer: Addition polymerisation is a process where monomers with double bonds link together to form long chains by breaking their double bonds. It is used to make polymers such as polyethylene and polystyrene.

Question 2: What is the main feature of monomers that undergo addition polymerisation?

Answer: They contain double bonds (carbon-carbon double bonds).

Question 1: Describe the general steps involved in addition polymerisation.

Answer: The process involves initiation (breaking the double bonds using a catalyst or heat to form free radicals), propagation (free radicals react with monomers to add to the chain), and termination (free radicals combine to end the chain).

Question 2: Explain why catalysts are often used in addition polymerisation reactions.

Answer: Catalysts help to speed up the breaking of double bonds and the formation of free radicals, making the reaction faster and more efficient.

Question 1: Name two common polymers produced by addition polymerisation and mention one everyday product made from each.

Answer: Polyethylene (plastic bags, bottles) and polystyrene (food containers, insulation).

Question 2: List two safety precautions to consider when handling chemicals involved in addition polymerisation reactions.

Answer: Wear safety goggles and gloves; work in a well-ventilated area.

Question 1: If 50 grams of monomer ethene (C2H4) is used, and each monomer has a molar mass of 28 g/mol, how many moles of monomer are involved in the reaction?

Answer: 1.79 moles (calculation: 50 g / 28 g/mol)

Question 1: Discuss two advantages and one disadvantage of using addition polymers in packaging materials.

Answer: Advantages include their durability and lightweight nature, making packaging strong and easy to handle. A disadvantage is that they are non-biodegradable, leading to environmental pollution.