Question 1: Define the Particle Model of matter in your own words.

Answer: The Particle Model of matter explains that all matter is made up of tiny particles that are constantly moving and arranging differently depending on the state of matter.

Question 2: Explain how particles behave in a solid compared to a gas.

Answer: In a solid, particles are tightly packed and only vibrate in fixed positions. In a gas, particles are spread out and move freely at high speeds.

Question 3: What is the main difference in particle movement between liquids and gases?

Answer: Particles in liquids are close together but can move past each other, while in gases, particles are far apart and move freely and rapidly.

Question 4: Calculate the number of particles in 2 moles of a substance. (Use Avogadro's number: 6.022 x 10^23 particles per mole.)

Answer: 1.2044 x 10^24 particles

Question 5: List two safety precautions to consider when performing experiments that involve heating substances to observe particle behavior.

Answer: Use heat-resistant gloves and safety goggles to protect against burns and splashes.

Question 6: Describe how the Particle Model explains the expansion of gases when heated.

Answer: When gases are heated, particles gain energy, move faster, and spread further apart, causing the gas to expand.

Question 7: Multiple Choice: Which state of matter has particles that are tightly packed and only vibrate in place?

Answer: Solid

Question 8: Fill in the blank: In the Particle Model, particles in a liquid are close together but can move ______ each other.

Answer: past

Question 9: Explain why gases are easily compressed based on the Particle Model.

Answer: Gases are easily compressed because their particles are far apart with lots of empty space between them, allowing the particles to be pushed closer together when pressure is applied.

Question 10: Describe an experiment to observe the movement of particles in a liquid.

Answer: You can place a small amount of food coloring in water and observe how the color spreads over time, demonstrating particle movement and diffusion in a liquid.

Question 11: How does the Particle Model help explain the melting of ice?

Answer: The Particle Model explains that when ice absorbs heat, particles gain energy and vibrate more vigorously until they break free from their fixed positions, causing it to melt into water.

Question 12: Apply your understanding of the Particle Model to explain why aluminum foil is able to be crumpled easily.

Answer: Because aluminum particles are arranged in layers that can slide over each other, making the foil flexible and easy to crumple.