Question 1: Transition metals are elements found in which part of the periodic table?

Answer: Groups 3 to 12 of the d-block

Question 2: Define the term 'variable oxidation state' as it applies to transition metals.

Answer: A transition metal can have more than one oxidation state depending on the chemical reaction or compound.

Question 3: What is the typical color of compounds formed by transition metals?

Answer: They are often brightly colored.

Question 1: Explain why transition metals are often used as catalysts in industrial processes.

Answer: Transition metals have variable oxidation states and can easily absorb and release electrons, which helps in speeding up chemical reactions without being consumed.

Question 2: Describe a safety precaution to consider when working with compounds of transition metals in a laboratory setting.

Answer: Students should wear gloves and eye protection to avoid skin and eye irritation from metal compounds.

Question 3: List two common industrial applications of transition metals.

Answer: Use in jewelry due to their color and durability; catalysts in the production of plastics and fuels.

Question 1: Calculate the oxidation state of iron in Fe₂O₃.

Answer: The oxidation state of Fe in Fe₂O₃ is +3.

Question 2: A sample of a transition metal compound is found to be intensely colored. What property of transition metals explains this?

Answer: Transition metals have unpaired electrons that absorb specific wavelengths of light, resulting in colored compounds.

Question 3: Identify the variables in an experiment testing the magnetic properties of different transition metals.

Answer: The type of transition metal (independent variable) and the magnetic response (dependent variable).

Question 1: Explain why transition metals are used in making jewelry and decorative items.

Answer: Because they are durable, resistant to corrosion, and have attractive colors due to their ability to form various colored compounds.

Question 2: Describe how the catalytic properties of transition metals benefit environmental technology.

Answer: They help in speeding up reactions that break down pollutants, making processes more efficient and reducing harmful emissions.