Question 1: Explain the purpose of applying a clear lacquer or varnish to a wooden product. Include two benefits of this finishing process.

Answer: The purpose of applying lacquer or varnish is to protect the wood surface from moisture, scratches, and wear. Benefits include increasing durability and enhancing the appearance by providing a glossy or matte finish.

Question 2: Describe the process of buffing and polishing a metal surface. What are the key tools used in this process?

Answer: Buffing and polishing involve using abrasive compounds and a buffing wheel or cloth to smooth and shine the metal surface. The process removes minor scratches and creates a reflective, smooth finish.

Question 3: A designer needs to give a plastic product a high-gloss finish. List three finishing methods they could use and briefly explain each.

Answer: 1. Polishing with a fine abrasive or polishing compound to produce a smooth, shiny surface. 2. Applying a spray or dip coating of clear lacquer or gloss paint. 3. Using heat polishing techniques to melt and smooth the surface for a reflective finish.

Question 4: Sketch a simple plan for a finishing process that would protect a painted metal sculpture from corrosion and damage. Label the key stages and materials used.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a sequence starting with cleaning the surface, applying a primer or protective coating, then a topcoat such as clear lacquer or varnish, and finally a protective sealant or wax. Labels should include the materials (e.g., primer, lacquer, wax) and the stages (cleaning, priming, coating, sealing).

Question 5: Identify and describe two methods used to smooth and prepare a wooden surface before applying a finish.

Answer: 1. Sanding: Using progressively finer grit sandpaper to remove roughness, splinters, and prepare the surface. 2. Planing: Using a hand or power planer to create a flat, smooth surface by removing uneven layers.

Question 6: A designer wants to achieve a matte finish on a product made of glass. What finishing technique would you recommend and why?

Answer: I would recommend sandblasting or acid etching to create a matte, frosted appearance. These techniques roughen the surface at a microscopic level, diffusing light and reducing shine.

Question 7: Draw a design for a protective coating system suitable for a outdoor metal bench. Include sketches of the layers and label each stage and material.

Answer: A correct sketch would show layers starting with a primer or rust inhibitor, followed by a durable outdoor paint or powder coating, and topped with a clear weatherproof sealant or wax. Labels should specify each layer and its function.

Question 8: Explain the importance of testing a finish after application. What could be the consequences of skipping this step?

Answer: Testing ensures the finish adheres properly, provides the desired appearance, and offers adequate protection. Skipping testing could result in poor adhesion, peeling, uneven appearance, or insufficient protection, leading to product failure.