Question 1: Define the term 'natural fibre' and give two examples of natural fibres used in textiles.

Answer: A natural fibre is a fibre obtained from plants, animals, or minerals that can be spun into thread or yarn. Examples include cotton and wool.

Question 2: Describe the main differences between woven and knitted fabrics in terms of structure and properties.

Answer: Woven fabrics are made by interlacing two sets of yarns at right angles, resulting in a stable and less stretchy fabric. Knitted fabrics are created by interlooping yarns, making them more elastic and stretchable. Wovens are generally more durable, while knits are more flexible and comfortable.

Question 3: Identify three properties that make polyester a popular choice for clothing and textiles.

Answer: Polyester is durable, resistant to shrinking and stretching, and quick-drying.

Question 4: Explain why natural fibres like cotton are often preferred over synthetic fibres for summer clothing.

Answer: Cotton is breathable, absorbs moisture well, and is comfortable to wear in hot weather, making it ideal for summer clothing.

Question 5: Design Brief: You need to create a lightweight, waterproof outdoor jacket for teenagers. Sketch a basic design plan for the jacket, indicating key features such as material choices and any special design elements.

Answer: A sketch should show a jacket with waterproof fabric (e.g., coated polyester), features like a hood, adjustable cuffs, and possibly ventilation panels. The design should be lightweight and suitable for outdoor activities.

Question 6: List three treatments or finishes that can be applied to textiles to improve their durability or appearance.

Answer: Waterproof coating, stain-resistant finish, and flame retardant treatment.

Question 7: Describe the process of felting and explain which types of fibres are suitable for felting.

Answer: Felting involves matting, condensing, and pressing wool fibres together to create a dense fabric. Wool fibres, especially sheep's wool, are suitable because they have scales that lock together when agitated and compressed.

Question 8: Sketch a pattern layout for cutting a simple rectangular cushion cover from a piece of fabric. Indicate seam allowances and the placement of the opening.

Answer: A sketch should show a rectangle with dimensions slightly larger than the final cushion size, seam allowances marked (e.g., 1-2 cm), and an indication of the opening on one side for inserting the cushion pad.

Question 9: Explain the environmental impacts of synthetic textiles and suggest one way to reduce their negative effects.

Answer: Synthetic textiles are made from non-renewable resources, and their production releases pollutants. They also contribute to microplastic pollution when washed. To reduce negative effects, using recycled synthetic fibres or switching to natural fibres can help.

Question 10: Identify two advantages and two disadvantages of using silk as a textile material.

Answer: Advantages: It has a luxurious feel and good strength. Disadvantages: It is expensive and delicate, prone to damage from sunlight and washing.