Question 1: Define a mechanical system in your own words. Include an example of a simple mechanical system you might find in everyday life.

Answer: A mechanical system is a group of connected parts that work together to perform a specific task. Example: A bicycle gear system.

Question 2: List three common components found in simple mechanical systems and briefly describe their functions.

Answer: 1. Gears – transfer torque and change direction of movement. 2. Levers – amplify force and allow movement around a pivot. 3. Pulleys – change the direction of force and transmit movement.

Question 3: Explain how a lever works to magnify force. Use a real-world example in your explanation.

Answer: A lever magnifies force by using a fulcrum to amplify the effort applied. For example, using a crowbar to lift a heavy object.

Question 4: Design Brief: You need to create a simple mechanical device that helps lift small objects easily. Describe your idea and list the main components you will include.

Answer: Students should describe a device such as a lever or pulley system that uses a fulcrum and effort to lift objects. Main components: lever arm, fulcrum, load, effort.

Question 5: Sketch a basic design for a mechanical system that uses gears to change the speed of rotation. Include labels for the main parts.

Answer: A sketch showing two or more gears in mesh, with arrows indicating direction of rotation, labeled gears, and possibly a motor or handle.

Question 6: Draw a simple pulley system used to lift a load. Indicate the direction of the force and the movement of the load.

Answer: A drawing showing a fixed pulley attached to a support, a rope passing over it, with a load attached at one end and a person pulling at the other. Arrows show force direction and load movement.

Question 7: Describe the differences between a fixed pulley and a movable pulley in terms of mechanical advantage.

Answer: A fixed pulley changes the direction of force but does not increase force; a movable pulley reduces the effort needed to lift a load by sharing the weight, providing a mechanical advantage.

Question 8: Design Brief: You are asked to create a mechanical system that opens a small box lid automatically when a button is pressed. Outline your plan and the mechanical parts you would use.

Answer: Students should propose a system with a simple motor or lever connected to a cam or linkage that pushes the lid open when activated. Components: motor, linkage, hinge, possibly a cam.

Question 9: Sketch a plan for a basic gear train that increases the rotational speed from a slow motor to a faster output shaft. Include labels for each gear and the direction of rotation.

Answer: A sketch with multiple gears in sequence, showing the input gear turning slowly and the output gear turning faster. Labels include gear sizes, number of teeth, and rotation directions.

Question 10: Identify and explain two advantages of using mechanical systems in everyday products.

Answer: Mechanical systems can transfer force efficiently and are often simple to operate, meaning they are reliable and easy to maintain in everyday use.

Question 11: Create a labeled diagram of a simple cam mechanism that converts rotary motion into linear motion. Describe how it works.

Answer: A diagram showing a cam (eccentric wheel) attached to a rotating shaft, with a follower that moves up and down as the cam rotates. Labels include cam shape, follower, and axis of rotation. Explanation: As the cam rotates, its shape pushes the follower up and down, converting rotary to linear motion.