Question 1: Name three different types of natural wood commonly used in furniture making and briefly describe a key property of each.

Answer: Examples include pine (lightweight, easy to work with), oak (hard, durable), and mahogany (rich colour, stable).

Question 2: Explain why it is important to consider the grain direction when cutting or sanding wood.

Answer: Grain direction affects the strength and finish of the wood; cutting along the grain reduces splintering and makes sanding smoother.

Question 3: Identify two advantages and two disadvantages of using plywood instead of solid wood.

Answer: Advantages: less warping, versatile size options. Disadvantages: less aesthetic appeal, weaker along the grain compared to solid wood.

Question 4: Describe the process of seasoning wood and explain why it is necessary.

Answer: Seasoning involves drying the wood to reduce moisture content, which prevents warping, cracking, and decay, making it more stable for construction.

Question 5: Sketch a plan for a small storage box made from wood. Label the main parts, such as sides, base, lid, and handle.

Answer: A clear sketch should show a rectangular box with a hinged lid, side panels, a base, and a handle on the lid. Labels should identify each part.

Question 6: List three environmental considerations when choosing wood for a project.

Answer: Sustainable sourcing, recycled or reclaimed wood, and minimal environmental impact during processing.

Question 7: Explain the difference between softwood and hardwood, including examples of each.

Answer: Softwood comes from coniferous trees like pine and fir; hardwood comes from deciduous trees like oak and maple. Hardwoods are generally denser and more durable.

Question 8: Draw a cross-section of a piece of timber showing the grain pattern and explain how this affects the strength of the wood.

Answer: A cross-section should depict the grain running parallel to the length of the timber with visible growth rings. Grain alignment influences the wood’s strength and how it should be cut or worked.

Question 9: Design a simple wooden chair that is suitable for outdoor use. List the types of wood you would choose and justify your choice.

Answer: Use weather-resistant woods such as teak or cedar because they resist rot and decay, making them suitable for outdoor furniture.

Question 10: Create a labelled sketch of a wooden picture frame, indicating where the joints and decorative elements would be.

Answer: A rectangular frame with mitre joints at the corners, a decorative beading or carving along the edges, and a backing panel. Labels should include joints, decorative features, and the back support.