Question 1: Name two vitamins that are important for maintaining healthy skin and vision. Explain why each is essential.

Answer: Vitamin A is essential for maintaining healthy skin and good vision, especially night vision. Vitamin C helps keep skin healthy by supporting collagen production and boosts the immune system.

Question 2: Identify three minerals that are vital for strong bones and explain their role.

Answer: Calcium is crucial for strong bones and teeth. Phosphorus works with calcium to build bone structure. Magnesium helps with bone development and muscle function.

Question 3: Describe the function of iron in the body and name one food source rich in iron.

Answer: Iron is necessary for making haemoglobin, which transports oxygen in the blood. A good source of iron is red meat, such as beef.

Question 4: Draw a simple diagram of a balanced meal plate, indicating where you might include sources of micronutrients like vitamins and minerals.

Answer: The diagram should show a plate divided into sections: half for vegetables and fruits (rich in vitamins and minerals), a quarter for protein sources, and a quarter for carbohydrates. Include labels such as 'Vitamin A from carrots,' 'Vitamin C from oranges,' 'Calcium from dairy,' and 'Iron from lean meat.'

Question 5: Explain why it is important to have a variety of foods in your diet to obtain all necessary micronutrients.

Answer: Different foods contain different vitamins and minerals. Eating a variety ensures you get a balanced intake of all essential micronutrients needed for good health.

Question 6: List three symptoms that might occur if someone is deficient in vitamin D.

Answer: Bone pain, muscle weakness, and increased risk of rickets (softening of bones in children).

Question 7: Describe what could happen if a person regularly consumes too much salt over a long period.

Answer: Excessive salt intake can lead to high blood pressure, which increases the risk of heart disease and stroke.

Question 8: Sketch a labelled diagram of a vitamin and a mineral, showing their basic structure or form. Use the space below.

Answer: The sketch should include a simple representation of a vitamin molecule (e.g., Vitamin C as a ring structure) and a mineral (e.g., a crystal lattice for salt/NaCl). Labels should specify 'Vitamin' and 'Mineral' along with their common forms.