Question 1: Define the term 'nutrients' and explain their importance for the human body.

Answer: Nutrients are substances found in food that are essential for growth, energy, repair, and overall health. They include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.

Question 2: List three macronutrients and describe their primary functions in the body.

Answer: Carbohydrates provide energy; proteins are essential for growth and repair of tissues; fats supply long-term energy storage and help in the absorption of vitamins.

Question 3: Identify two micronutrients and explain why they are vital for good health.

Answer: Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients. They are vital because they support immune function, aid in energy production, and help prevent deficiencies and diseases.

Question 4: Describe the dietary needs of an active teenager compared to a sedentary adult.

Answer: An active teenager requires more calories, proteins, and nutrients to support growth, physical activity, and development. A sedentary adult needs fewer calories but still requires a balanced intake of nutrients for maintenance.

Question 5: Explain why a balanced diet is important for maintaining good health.

Answer: A balanced diet provides all the essential nutrients in appropriate amounts, helping to prevent deficiencies, support bodily functions, and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.

Question 6: Sketch a basic plate diagram showing a balanced meal. Label the different food groups included.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a plate divided into sections representing approximately half vegetables and fruits, a quarter proteins (meat, fish, beans), and a quarter carbohydrates (rice, potatoes, bread). Labels should include 'Vegetables', 'Fruits', 'Proteins', and 'Carbohydrates'.

Question 7: Describe two consequences of a diet lacking in iron.

Answer: Iron deficiency can lead to anemia, causing fatigue, weakness, and reduced immune function.

Question 8: Draw a simple food label for a cereal box, including the following: product name, serving size, calorie content, and key nutrients.

Answer: A clear label would include a product name at the top, a specified serving size (e.g., 30g), calorie content per serving, and amounts of key nutrients such as fiber, sugar, and iron.

Question 9: Explain the role of water in the human body and how much an average teenager should drink daily.

Answer: Water helps regulate body temperature, transport nutrients, and remove waste. An average teenager should drink about 1.5 to 2 liters of water daily, depending on activity levels and climate.

Question 10: Identify and describe the function of two vitamins essential for maintaining healthy skin and vision.

Answer: Vitamin A is essential for good vision and healthy skin. Vitamin C supports skin health and boosts the immune system.