Question 1: Define 'nutrients' and list three essential nutrients that the body needs for good health.

Answer: Nutrients are substances in food that the body needs to function properly. Three essential nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Question 2: Explain why children and teenagers require more calories compared to adults.

Answer: Children and teenagers require more calories because they are growing rapidly and need extra energy for development and daily activities.

Question 3: Identify two dietary needs that are particularly important for elderly people and explain why.

Answer: Elderly people need more calcium and vitamin D to maintain strong bones and prevent osteoporosis, and they also need adequate fiber to support healthy digestion.

Question 4: Describe the main dietary requirements of a pregnant woman and explain why they are important.

Answer: A pregnant woman needs increased intake of iron to prevent anemia, extra folic acid to reduce birth defects, and more protein for the baby's growth and development.

Question 5: List four nutrients that are essential for maintaining a healthy immune system.

Answer: Vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, and iron are essential for maintaining a healthy immune system.

Question 6: Sketch a plate divided into sections to show a balanced meal. Label each section with the type of food it should contain.

Answer: A large circle divided into sections: half should be fruits and vegetables, one quarter should be proteins (meat, fish, beans), and one quarter should be carbohydrates (bread, rice, pasta). Label each section accordingly.

Question 7: Explain the importance of dietary fibre and give two examples of high-fibre foods.

Answer: Dietary fibre helps maintain healthy digestion and prevents constipation. Examples of high-fibre foods are wholemeal bread and beans.

Question 8: Describe the differences in dietary needs between a sedentary person and an athlete.

Answer: An athlete needs more calories, protein, and carbohydrates to support intense physical activity and muscle repair, whereas a sedentary person requires fewer calories to maintain their weight.

Question 9: Identify three sources of healthy fats and explain why they are beneficial.

Answer: Sources of healthy fats include avocados, nuts, and oily fish. They are beneficial because they support heart health and provide essential fatty acids.

Question 10: Explain what a balanced diet is and why it is important for overall health.

Answer: A balanced diet includes a variety of foods in the right proportions to provide all essential nutrients, supporting growth, energy, and overall health.