Question 1: Define the term 'nutrients' and explain why they are essential for the human body.

Answer: Nutrients are substances found in food that are necessary for growth, energy, repairing tissues, and maintaining overall health. They include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.

Question 2: Name three macronutrients and describe one main function of each in the body.

Answer: Carbohydrates provide energy for daily activities. Proteins help in growth and repair of tissues. Fats supply long-term energy, insulate the body, and protect vital organs.

Question 3: Identify two micronutrients and explain their importance in maintaining good health.

Answer: Vitamin C boosts the immune system and helps repair tissues. Iron is essential for making hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood.

Question 4: Describe how a diet lacking in calcium can affect the body, especially in young people.

Answer: A deficiency in calcium can lead to weak bones and teeth, increasing the risk of conditions like osteoporosis later in life. In young people, it can affect proper bone development.

Question 5: Explain the concept of a balanced diet and list four food groups that should be included in it.

Answer: A balanced diet provides all the essential nutrients in the right amounts. The four main food groups are: fruits and vegetables, grains, protein sources (meat, beans, fish), and dairy products.

Question 6: Draw a plate divided into sections to show an example of a balanced meal. Label each section with the food group it represents.

Answer: A large circle divided into sections representing fruits/vegetables, grains, proteins, and dairy. Each section should be proportionate to recommended dietary guidelines, with labels for clarity.

Question 7: Describe the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates and give two examples of each.

Answer: Simple carbohydrates are quickly digested and provide immediate energy; examples include sugar and honey. Complex carbohydrates are digested more slowly, providing sustained energy; examples include whole grains and potatoes.

Question 8: Explain why water is considered a vital nutrient and describe two roles it plays in the body.

Answer: Water is vital because it keeps the body hydrated and is involved in many bodily functions. It helps regulate temperature and aids in digestion and nutrient transport.

Question 9: Identify one dietary source rich in vitamin D and explain its role in the body.

Answer: Sunlight exposure helps the body produce vitamin D; dietary sources include oily fish like salmon. Vitamin D is important for calcium absorption and healthy bones.

Question 10: Suggest two ways to ensure you are eating enough fiber in your diet and explain their benefits.

Answer: Eat more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Fiber aids digestion, helps prevent constipation, and may reduce the risk of certain diseases.