Question 1: Define obesity and explain how it can be linked to poor dietary habits.

Answer: Obesity is a condition characterized by excessive body fat that may impair health. It can be linked to poor dietary habits such as overeating high-calorie foods, consuming sugary drinks frequently, and eating large portions, leading to an energy imbalance.

Question 2: Describe the health risks associated with a diet high in saturated fats.

Answer: A diet high in saturated fats can increase cholesterol levels in the blood, raising the risk of heart disease and stroke. It may also contribute to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Question 3: Identify two nutritional deficiencies that can lead to health problems and explain their effects.

Answer: Iron deficiency can cause anaemia, leading to fatigue and weakness. Vitamin D deficiency can result in rickets in children, causing weak or deformed bones.

Question 4: Explain why a balanced diet is important for maintaining good health.

Answer: A balanced diet provides all essential nutrients in the right amounts, supporting the body's functions, preventing deficiency diseases, and reducing the risk of health issues like obesity, heart disease, and diabetes.

Question 5: Describe the symptoms and potential causes of type 2 diabetes related to diet.

Answer: Symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, and blurred vision. It is often caused by a diet high in sugars and refined carbohydrates, leading to insulin resistance over time.

Question 6: Draw a simple diagram showing the main food groups in a balanced diet and label each group.

Answer: The diagram should include sections for fruits, vegetables, grains, proteins, and dairy, arranged in a way that visually represents a balanced plate or pyramid.

Question 7: Discuss how excess sugar intake can lead to dental health problems.

Answer: Excess sugar feeds bacteria in the mouth, producing acids that erode tooth enamel, leading to cavities and tooth decay.

Question 8: Identify two lifestyle choices, other than diet, that can contribute to poor health outcomes related to nutrition.

Answer: Lack of physical activity and smoking can contribute to health problems such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, and other nutrition-related conditions.

Question 9: Sketch a plate divided into sections to illustrate the recommended proportions of different food groups in a healthy meal.

Answer: The sketch should show a plate divided into sections: approximately half for fruits and vegetables, a quarter for grains, and a quarter for proteins, with a small section for dairy or alternatives.

Question 10: Explain how excessive alcohol consumption can affect nutritional health.

Answer: Excessive alcohol intake can interfere with nutrient absorption, cause liver damage, and contribute to weight gain, all of which negatively impact nutritional health.