Question 1: Define what a macronutrient is and explain why they are important for the human body.

Answer: A macronutrient is a nutrient needed in large amounts for energy and growth. They are important because they provide the fuel and building blocks the body needs to function properly.

Question 2: Name the three main types of macronutrients found in food.

Answer: Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Question 3: List two common food sources for each of the three macronutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Answer: Carbohydrates: bread and rice; Proteins: chicken and beans; Fats: butter and nuts.

Question 4: Describe the main function of carbohydrates in the body.

Answer: Carbohydrates provide the body with energy that it needs for daily activities and bodily functions.

Question 5: Describe the main function of proteins in the body.

Answer: Proteins are essential for growth, repair of tissues, and making enzymes and hormones.

Question 6: Describe the main function of fats in the body.

Answer: Fats provide a concentrated source of energy, help insulate the body, and protect vital organs.

Question 7: Explain the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates and give an example of each.

Answer: Simple carbohydrates are sugars that are quickly absorbed by the body, like glucose or candy. Complex carbohydrates are made of longer chains of sugars, and are found in foods like wholemeal bread and pasta, providing sustained energy.

Question 8: Sketch a balanced plate divided into sections to show how a healthy meal might include all three macronutrients. Label each section clearly.

Answer: A large circle divided into three sections: one labeled 'Carbohydrates' (e.g., rice or potatoes), another labeled 'Proteins' (e.g., chicken or fish), and the third labeled 'Fats' (e.g., avocado or nuts). The proportions should reflect a balanced meal, with carbohydrates taking up the largest section, followed by proteins, then fats.

Question 9: Identify which macronutrient is most calorie-dense per gram and explain why this is important when planning a diet.

Answer: Fats are the most calorie-dense, providing about 9 calories per gram. This is important because consuming too much fat can lead to weight gain, so portion control is essential in diet planning.

Question 10: Draw a simple diagram of a food item and label the macronutrients it contains, explaining briefly what each contributes to the body.

Answer: The diagram should depict a food item such as a peanut butter sandwich. Labels: bread (carbohydrates), peanut butter (fats and proteins). Carbohydrates provide quick energy, fats give long-lasting energy and insulation, and proteins help repair and build tissues.