Question 1: Define what a macronutrient is and name the three main types found in food.

Answer: A macronutrient is a nutrient that provides a large amount of energy in the diet. The three main types are carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Question 2: List two food sources for each of the three main macronutrients.

Answer: Carbohydrates: bread, rice; Proteins: chicken, beans; Fats: butter, nuts.

Question 3: Explain why carbohydrates are important for the body.

Answer: Carbohydrates provide a quick source of energy for the body and are essential for brain function and physical activity.

Question 4: Describe the role of proteins in the body.

Answer: Proteins help build and repair body tissues, support growth, and are important for overall health.

Question 5: Identify which macronutrient is most energy-dense and why.

Answer: Fats are the most energy-dense macronutrient because they provide about 9 calories per gram, compared to 4 calories per gram for carbohydrates and proteins.

Question 6: Draw a simple diagram showing the basic structure of a fatty acid molecule. Label the parts.

Answer: A fatty acid molecule consists of a long hydrocarbon chain (labeled as 'hydrocarbon chain') with a carboxyl group at one end (labeled as 'carboxyl group').

Question 7: List two ways in which fats are beneficial to the body.

Answer: Fats provide a concentrated source of energy and help absorb fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K).

Question 8: Explain the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats in terms of their structure and health effects.

Answer: Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms and are typically solid at room temperature; they are found in animal products and can raise cholesterol levels. Unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds, are usually liquid at room temperature, and are considered healthier, found in plant oils and fish.

Question 9: Describe how a balanced intake of macronutrients can contribute to a healthy lifestyle.

Answer: A balanced intake ensures the body gets enough energy and nutrients to function properly, supports growth and repair, maintains a healthy weight, and reduces the risk of chronic diseases.

Question 10: Sketch a plate divided into sections to show a balanced meal, indicating where carbohydrates, proteins, and fats should be included.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a plate divided into four sections: half for vegetables and fruits (not a macronutrient but part of a balanced diet), a quarter for carbohydrates (like bread or rice), a quarter for proteins (such as meat or beans), and a small section for fats (like butter or nuts).