Question 1: Explain the greenhouse effect and how it contributes to global warming.

Answer: The greenhouse effect occurs when certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide and methane, trap heat from the Sun. This trapped heat warms the planet, leading to global temperature rise, which is a key factor in climate change.

Question 2: Describe two ways in which increased global temperatures can affect weather patterns in the UK.

Answer: One way is that the UK may experience more frequent and intense storms due to increased energy in the atmosphere. Another is that there could be more frequent heatwaves and droughts, affecting agriculture and water supply.

Question 3: Identify and explain one human activity that significantly contributes to climate change.

Answer: Burning fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and gas for energy, releases large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which enhances the greenhouse effect and leads to global warming.

Question 4: List three possible effects of climate change specific to the UK.

Answer: Possible effects include rising sea levels threatening coastal areas, increased flooding during heavy rainfall, and warmer winters leading to changes in local ecosystems.

Question 5: Draw a simple diagram illustrating the greenhouse effect as described verbally.

Answer: A correct diagram would show the Sun emitting rays towards the Earth; some rays are reflected back, but greenhouse gases trap some heat in the atmosphere, illustrating how heat is retained.

Question 6: Sketch a diagram showing the difference between weather and climate. Use clear labels to distinguish the two.

Answer: A correct sketch would depict a short-term weather pattern (e.g., a sunny day, rainy day) versus a long-term average of these conditions over years, labeled 'Weather' and 'Climate'.

Question 7: Suggest two actions individuals in the UK can take to reduce their carbon footprint and combat climate change.

Answer: Individuals can reduce energy use by turning off unused appliances and choose sustainable transport options like cycling or using public transport.

Question 8: Describe how melting glaciers and ice caps can affect sea levels globally.

Answer: Melting glaciers and ice caps add freshwater to the oceans, causing sea levels to rise worldwide, which can lead to coastal erosion and flooding.

Question 9: Explain why climate change is considered a global issue rather than just a local one.

Answer: Because greenhouse gases emitted in one country can affect the climate worldwide, climate change impacts are interconnected globally, affecting weather patterns, sea levels, and ecosystems everywhere.