Question 1: Describe how a bar graph differs from a pie chart in presenting geographical data. Include at least two key differences in your answer.

Answer: A bar graph uses rectangular bars to compare quantities across categories, with the length of each bar representing the value. A pie chart shows parts of a whole as sectors of a circle, with the size of each sector proportional to the data it represents. Key differences include the visual method of comparison (bars versus sectors) and the type of data best suited for each (comparative versus proportional data).

Question 2: You are given data showing the number of visitors to a national park over six months. The numbers are: January - 1,200; February - 1,800; March - 2,200; April - 2,400; May - 2,000; June - 1,600. Draw a line graph to represent this data. Label the axes appropriately.

Answer: A correct line graph would have the months of January to June on the x-axis and the number of visitors on the y-axis (scaled appropriately, e.g., in hundreds). The data points are plotted for each month and connected with a line, showing the trend of visitor numbers over time.

Question 3: Explain why a scatter diagram might be used in geographical data analysis. Provide an example of a scenario where it would be helpful.

Answer: A scatter diagram is used to identify the relationship or correlation between two variables by plotting data points on a graph. For example, it could be used to examine the relationship between rainfall levels and crop yield in different regions.

Question 4: You are asked to compare the population densities of three cities: City A (500 people per km²), City B (1,200 people per km²), and City C (800 people per km²). Which type of graph would best show this comparison? Justify your choice.

Answer: A bar graph would be most suitable because it clearly compares the population densities of the three cities, making differences easy to see and interpret.

Question 5: Draw a simple histogram to show the distribution of ages in a community, with age groups: 0-20, 21-40, 41-60, 61-80. Use the following frequencies: 0-20 (150 people), 21-40 (300 people), 41-60 (200 people), 61-80 (100 people). Label the axes and the bars appropriately.

Answer: A correct histogram would have age groups on the x-axis and the number of people on the y-axis. Each bar's height corresponds to the frequency for that age group, with bars touching each other to show the distribution.

Question 6: Identify two advantages of using a pie chart to display data about the percentage of land use types in a city (residential, commercial, industrial, green spaces).

Answer: Advantages include: 1) It visually shows the proportion of each land use type relative to the whole city, making it easy to compare parts. 2) It provides a quick, clear overview of the distribution of land use types at a glance.

Question 7: Given the following data: 40% residential, 25% commercial, 20% industrial, and 15% green spaces, sketch a pie chart that accurately represents these proportions. Label each sector.

Answer: A correct sketch would depict a circle divided into sectors corresponding to each percentage: a large sector for residential (40%), a smaller for commercial (25%), slightly smaller for industrial (20%), and the smallest for green spaces (15%). Each sector is labeled accordingly.

Question 8: You observe that the data points for two variables in a scatter diagram tend to rise together. What does this suggest about the relationship between these variables?

Answer: It suggests there is a positive correlation, meaning as one variable increases, the other tends to increase as well.

Question 9: Explain the importance of choosing an appropriate scale when drawing a graph to represent geographical data. What could go wrong if the scale is not suitable?

Answer: Choosing an appropriate scale ensures that data is accurately represented and easy to interpret. If the scale is too large or too small, it can distort the data, making differences appear more or less significant than they really are, leading to misinterpretation.

Question 10: Sketch a bar chart to compare the average annual rainfall in four different regions: North (800mm), South (1200mm), East (950mm), West (700mm). Label the axes clearly.

Answer: A correct bar chart would have regions on the x-axis and rainfall in millimeters on the y-axis. Each region has a bar whose height reflects its average rainfall, with the bars evenly spaced and labeled.