Question 1: Define the term 'economic development' and explain how it differs from 'economic growth'.

Answer: Economic development refers to improvements in living standards, quality of life, and access to services, whereas economic growth is the increase in a country's production of goods and services measured by GDP.

Question 2: Describe two ways in which industrialisation can lead to urban growth.

Answer: Industrialisation attracts workers to cities seeking employment opportunities, leading to population increases. It also encourages the development of infrastructure and housing in urban areas to support the growing workforce.

Question 3: Identify and explain two positive impacts of a country transitioning from an agricultural-based economy to an industrial-based economy.

Answer: First, it can lead to increased employment opportunities in factories and industries, boosting income levels. Second, it often results in higher national income and improved infrastructure, which can enhance overall living standards.

Question 4: List three factors that can cause economic decline in a region.

Answer: Depletion of natural resources, closure of key industries, and loss of investment or decline in global demand for local exports.

Question 5: Explain how technological advancements can influence economic change.

Answer: Technological advancements can increase productivity, reduce costs, and create new industries, leading to economic growth. They can also improve efficiency in existing sectors, boosting competitiveness.

Question 6: Draw a simple diagram to illustrate the movement of a country from primary to tertiary economic activities. Include labels for each stage.

Answer: A sketch showing three sections: the first labeled 'Primary' with symbols like farming or mining activities; the second labeled 'Secondary' with manufacturing or construction; the third labeled 'Tertiary' with services like banking, education, or healthcare.

Question 7: Discuss the impact of globalisation on local economies, providing two examples.

Answer: Globalisation can lead to increased trade and investment, boosting local economies. For example, foreign companies establishing factories can create jobs, while access to global markets can increase exports.

Question 8: Sketch a flowchart showing the process of how investment in infrastructure can lead to economic growth.

Answer: A flowchart starting with 'Investment in infrastructure' leading to 'Improved transportation and communication', then to 'Attraction of businesses and industries', and finally resulting in 'Economic growth'.

Question 9: Identify and explain one challenge faced by developing countries in managing rapid economic change.

Answer: One challenge is environmental degradation, as rapid industrialisation and urban growth can lead to pollution, deforestation, and loss of natural habitats.

Question 10: Evaluate the role of government policies in promoting sustainable economic development.

Answer: Government policies can promote sustainable development by investing in renewable energy, regulating pollution, supporting green technologies, and ensuring equitable distribution of resources. Effective policies balance economic growth with environmental conservation and social equity.