Question 1: Define the term 'economic change' and explain one reason why a region might experience economic change.

Answer: Economic change refers to the transformation in the type, scale, or structure of economic activities within a region. One reason for economic change could be technological advancements that make certain industries more efficient or obsolete.

Question 2: Describe two ways in which a country might attract foreign investment to support economic growth.

Answer: Countries can attract foreign investment by offering tax incentives to businesses and improving infrastructure such as transport and communication networks.

Question 3: Explain the difference between primary, secondary, and tertiary economic activities, providing one example of each.

Answer: Primary activities involve extracting natural resources, such as mining or farming. Secondary activities involve manufacturing or processing raw materials, like a car factory. Tertiary activities provide services, such as retail or healthcare.

Question 4: Identify and describe one positive and one negative impact of economic change on local communities.

Answer: A positive impact could be increased employment opportunities, improving living standards. A negative impact might be environmental degradation or displacement of local residents due to industrial expansion.

Question 5: Describe how the decline of traditional industries can lead to economic change in a region.

Answer: The decline of traditional industries, such as coal mining, can lead to job losses and economic decline, prompting regions to seek new industries or diversify their economies.

Question 6: Sketch a simple diagram to show the process of industrialisation in a rural area turning into an urban area. Include labels for at least three stages or features.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a rural area with farms, then a transition zone with factories and roads, and finally a developed urban area with tall buildings and infrastructure. Labels should identify 'rural', 'industrial zone', and 'urban city'.

Question 7: Explain what is meant by 'deindustrialisation' and give an example of a country or region where it has occurred.

Answer: Deindustrialisation is the decline of industrial activity in a region, often due to relocation of manufacturing overseas or technological change. An example is the decline of manufacturing in parts of the UK, such as in the former industrial cities of the North.

Question 8: Discuss one way in which economic change can affect the environment.

Answer: Economic change, especially industrial expansion, can lead to pollution, habitat destruction, and increased carbon emissions, harming local ecosystems.

Question 9: Draw a flowchart showing the steps a government might take to promote economic development in an underdeveloped region. Include at least four steps.

Answer: A correct flowchart would include steps such as 'Identify needs', 'Invest in infrastructure', 'Encourage investment', 'Support local industries', and 'Monitor progress'.