Question 1: Describe what is meant by the term 'resource management' and explain its importance in human societies.

Answer: Resource management involves the planning and control of the use of natural and human resources to meet current needs without compromising future availability. It is important because it ensures sustainable development, prevents resource depletion, and supports economic growth.

Question 2: Identify three renewable resources and three non-renewable resources commonly used by humans.

Answer: Renewable resources: solar energy, wind energy, timber. Non-renewable resources: coal, oil, natural gas.

Question 3: Explain the concept of sustainability in resource management and give an example of a sustainable practice.

Answer: Sustainability in resource management means using resources in a way that meets current needs without compromising future generations. An example is planting new trees to replace those cut down for timber.

Question 4: Discuss the impact of overfishing on marine ecosystems.

Answer: Overfishing reduces fish populations, disrupts food chains, and damages marine habitats. It can lead to the collapse of fish stocks and negatively affect the entire marine ecosystem.

Question 5: Describe a method used to conserve freshwater resources in urban areas.

Answer: One method is implementing water-saving devices such as low-flow taps and toilets, and promoting water recycling and rainwater harvesting to reduce freshwater consumption.

Question 6: Sketch a diagram to represent the water cycle, including the processes of evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection. Label each part clearly.

Answer: A large blank space for students to draw a cycle with arrows connecting the processes. Labels should include: evaporation (water turning into vapor), condensation (water vapor forming clouds), precipitation (rain or snow), and collection (water gathering in rivers or lakes).

Question 7: Explain how technological advancements have improved resource management in agriculture.

Answer: Technological advancements such as GPS-guided machinery, drip irrigation, and crop monitoring systems have increased efficiency, reduced waste, and promoted sustainable use of water, fertilizers, and land.

Question 8: Imagine you are a resource manager in a region facing water scarcity. List three strategies you would implement to improve water availability.

Answer: Strategies include promoting water conservation awareness, investing in infrastructure for rainwater harvesting, and encouraging the use of drought-resistant crops.

Question 9: Draw a flowchart that shows the process of how a country might manage its mineral resources from extraction to export.

Answer: A flowchart with steps such as: Mining → Processing and refining → Storage and transportation → Export or domestic use.

Question 10: Evaluate the social and environmental impacts of mining activities in a local community.

Answer: Social impacts may include job creation and economic growth, but also displacement of communities. Environmental impacts include habitat destruction, pollution, and water contamination.

Question 11: Identify and explain two challenges faced in managing global resource inequalities.

Answer: Challenges include unequal distribution of resources, which leads to disparities in wealth and access, and political conflicts over resource control, which can hinder sustainable management.