Question 1: Define climate change in your own words and explain how it differs from weather.

Answer: Climate change refers to long-term changes in the Earth's weather patterns, including temperature, rainfall, and wind patterns, often caused by human activities. Weather describes short-term atmospheric conditions, such as a rainy day or a sunny afternoon.

Question 2: List three natural factors that can influence the Earth's climate.

Answer: Natural factors include volcanic eruptions, variations in solar radiation, and changes in ocean currents.

Question 3: Describe two human activities that contribute to climate change.

Answer: Burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Deforestation reduces the number of trees that can absorb carbon dioxide.

Question 4: Explain how increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere can affect global temperatures.

Answer: Greenhouse gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to an overall increase in global temperatures, a phenomenon known as the greenhouse effect.

Question 5: Describe three potential effects of climate change on the environment.

Answer: Possible effects include rising sea levels causing coastal flooding, more frequent and severe storms, and the melting of glaciers and polar ice caps.

Question 6: Name two regions or countries that are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and explain why.

Answer: Bangladesh is vulnerable due to its low-lying coastal areas prone to flooding. Small island nations like the Maldives face rising sea levels threatening their existence.

Question 7: Draw a simple diagram illustrating the greenhouse effect, showing how sunlight enters the Earth's atmosphere and how heat is trapped.

Answer: A correct diagram would show sunlight (solar radiation) entering the atmosphere, some being reflected back, while some is absorbed by the Earth's surface. The Earth's surface then emits heat (infrared radiation), which is partly trapped by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Question 8: Suggest two ways individuals can help reduce their contribution to climate change.

Answer: Individuals can reduce energy use by turning off unused appliances and use public transport or walk instead of driving.

Question 9: Identify and explain two international efforts aimed at tackling climate change.

Answer: The Paris Agreement is an international treaty where countries commit to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The Kyoto Protocol was an earlier treaty that set binding emission reduction targets for developed countries.

Question 10: Sketch a graph showing the possible trend of global temperatures over the next 50 years if current trends continue. Label the axes clearly.

Answer: A correct sketch would have the vertical axis labeled 'Global Temperature (°C)' and the horizontal axis labeled 'Years'. The line should show an upward trend, indicating rising temperatures over time.