Question 1: Define the term 'development' in the context of human geography.

Answer: Development refers to the process by which a country improves the economic, social, and political well-being of its people, often measured by indicators such as income levels, education, healthcare, and living standards.

Question 2: List three indicators commonly used to measure a country's level of development.

Answer: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, literacy rate, life expectancy at birth.

Question 3: Describe two ways in which a high level of development can benefit a country’s population.

Answer: A high level of development can lead to better healthcare and education, resulting in longer life expectancy and higher literacy rates. It can also create more job opportunities and improve living standards.

Question 4: Explain why some countries with abundant natural resources are still considered to have low levels of development.

Answer: Countries with abundant resources may have low development if the resources are not managed well, if wealth is not evenly distributed, or if political instability and corruption prevent benefits from reaching the population.

Question 5: Identify and explain two challenges faced by developing countries in improving education levels.

Answer: Challenges include lack of funding for schools, leading to limited access to education, and cultural factors that may discourage certain groups, such as girls, from attending school.

Question 6: Sketch a simple diagram showing the difference between a developed and a developing country in terms of income distribution. Label your diagram accordingly.

Answer: A correct sketch would show two bar graphs or pie charts: one with a relatively even distribution of income in a developed country, and one with a large proportion of income concentrated among a small elite in a developing country.

Question 7: Describe how access to clean water can impact a country's level of development.

Answer: Access to clean water improves health by reducing waterborne diseases, supports agriculture and industry, and enables better sanitation, all of which contribute to higher development levels.

Question 8: Discuss the role of international aid in promoting development in poorer countries. Include one potential benefit and one challenge.

Answer: International aid can provide essential funding for health, education, and infrastructure projects, helping to improve living standards. However, aid can sometimes lead to dependency or be misused if not managed properly.

Question 9: Draw a flowchart illustrating the main stages of economic development in a country from low to high development.

Answer: A flowchart should include stages such as: Low-income economy → Industrialization and urbanization → Increased education and healthcare → Diversified economy → High-income, developed country.

Question 10: Evaluate the statement: 'Economic growth always leads to better quality of life.'

Answer: Economic growth can improve quality of life by increasing income and access to services, but it does not automatically guarantee improvements. Factors like income inequality, environmental sustainability, and social services also influence quality of life.