Question 1: Define the term 'development' in the context of human geography.

Answer: Development refers to improvements in the quality of life for people, including economic growth, access to education, healthcare, and improved living standards.

Question 2: List three indicators commonly used to measure human development.

Answer: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, literacy rate, life expectancy at birth.

Question 3: Describe how the Human Development Index (HDI) is calculated and what it measures.

Answer: The HDI combines data on life expectancy, education level (mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling), and income per capita to provide a composite measure of a country's level of human development.

Question 4: Explain the difference between 'developed' and 'developing' countries.

Answer: Developed countries have higher levels of industrialization, income, and standard of living, while developing countries have lower levels of these indicators and are often still improving their infrastructure and services.

Question 5: Identify two challenges faced by developing countries in improving human development.

Answer: Examples include high poverty levels and limited access to healthcare and education.

Question 6: Describe how access to clean water and sanitation can impact a country's development.

Answer: Access to clean water and sanitation improves health, reduces disease, and enables economic activities, thereby supporting overall development.

Question 7: Sketch a simple diagram of the flow of aid from a developed country to a developing country. Label the key components such as aid source, transportation, and recipient.

Answer: A correct sketch would show an arrow labeled 'aid' from a developed country towards a developing country, passing through points such as 'donor,' 'transport,' and 'recipient country' with labels indicating types of aid (e.g., financial, technical).

Question 8: Discuss two ways in which tourism can contribute to a country's development.

Answer: Tourism can generate income and employment opportunities, and promote infrastructure development like roads and airports, which benefit the wider community.

Question 9: Explain what is meant by 'sustainable development' in the context of human development.

Answer: Sustainable development involves improving human well-being while conserving resources and the environment for future generations.

Question 10: Sketch a graph showing the relationship between a country's GDP per capita and its life expectancy. Label the axes clearly.

Answer: A correct sketch would have GDP per capita on the x-axis and life expectancy on the y-axis, showing a positive correlation where higher income levels tend to be associated with longer life expectancy.