Question 1: Define the term 'urbanisation'. Why is it important in understanding city growth?

Answer: Urbanisation is the process by which more people move from rural areas to cities, leading to city growth. It is important because it affects housing, traffic, and services in cities.

Question 2: List three common problems caused by rapid urbanisation.

Answer: Three common problems are overcrowding, pollution, and traffic congestion.

Question 3: Explain how traffic congestion can affect the daily life of city residents.

Answer: Traffic congestion can cause delays, increase stress, reduce time for leisure or work, and lead to higher pollution levels.

Question 4: Describe what is meant by 'urban sprawl' and mention one possible negative effect.

Answer: Urban sprawl is the uncontrolled expansion of a city into surrounding rural areas. A negative effect is the loss of farmland and natural habitats.

Question 5: Identify two ways city authorities can reduce air pollution in urban areas.

Answer: City authorities can improve public transport to reduce vehicle emissions and implement policies to restrict the use of older, more polluting vehicles.

Question 6: Draw a simple sketch to illustrate a typical urban area showing residential, commercial, and industrial zones. Use labels to identify each zone.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a central commercial area with shops and offices, surrounding residential neighborhoods, and an industrial zone with factories, all clearly labeled.

Question 7: Suggest two solutions to improve access to green spaces within a city.

Answer: Creating parks and planting trees along streets are two ways to improve access to green spaces.

Question 8: Explain why homelessness is a common issue in many urban areas.

Answer: Homelessness is common because of high housing costs, lack of affordable housing, and unemployment.

Question 9: Describe how increased population density in cities can lead to infrastructure problems.

Answer: Higher population density can overload transport systems, water supply, sewage, and healthcare services, leading to congestion and poor service quality.

Question 10: Identify and briefly explain one environmental and one social problem caused by urbanisation.

Answer: Environment: Pollution from vehicles and factories. Social: Increased inequality and homelessness.