Question 1: Describe two reasons why many people move from rural areas to cities.

Answer: People move to cities for better job opportunities and access to education and healthcare services.

Question 2: Explain what is meant by the term 'urbanisation'.

Answer: Urbanisation is the process by which an increasing proportion of a country's population moves to live in cities.

Question 3: List three common problems caused by rapid urban growth in cities.

Answer: Traffic congestion, pollution, and inadequate housing.

Question 4: Describe two ways cities try to solve traffic congestion problems.

Answer: Cities build more roads and highways, and promote the use of public transport like buses and trains.

Question 5: Explain what is meant by 'urban decay' and give an example of a problem it can cause.

Answer: Urban decay refers to the decline of a city area, leading to abandoned buildings and increased crime.

Question 6: Describe one environmental issue caused by urban areas and suggest a possible solution.

Answer: Air pollution is caused by vehicle emissions; increasing green spaces and promoting cleaner transport can help reduce it.

Question 7: Sketch a simple diagram showing the layout of a typical high-density urban area, including residential, commercial, and industrial zones. Label each zone clearly.

Answer: The sketch should show a central commercial zone surrounded by residential areas, with an industrial zone on the outskirts. Labels should include 'Commercial', 'Residential', and 'Industrial'.

Question 8: Identify and explain one social issue that can occur in overcrowded cities.

Answer: Overcrowding can lead to increased crime rates and reduced access to services like healthcare and education.

Question 9: Describe what is meant by 'slum' or 'shanty town' and mention one challenge residents face there.

Answer: A slum is an area with poorly built housing and inadequate access to basic services; residents often face poor sanitation and health problems.

Question 10: Suggest two strategies that governments can use to improve living conditions in urban slums.

Answer: Governments can provide better housing and infrastructure, and implement social programs to improve health and sanitation.