Question 1: Describe three common problems that large cities face as a result of rapid population growth.

Answer: Common problems include traffic congestion, pollution, and inadequate housing or homelessness.

Question 2: Explain how urban sprawl can negatively impact the environment and local communities.

Answer: Urban sprawl can lead to loss of green spaces, increased pollution from vehicles, longer commutes, and strain on local services and infrastructure.

Question 3: Identify two methods cities use to reduce traffic congestion and briefly explain how they work.

Answer: Methods include implementing congestion charges (charging drivers to enter busy areas) and developing improved public transportation systems, which reduce the number of private vehicles on roads.

Question 4: Describe the concept of urban regeneration and give an example of a type of area that might be regenerated.

Answer: Urban regeneration involves revitalizing old or degraded areas of a city through redevelopment projects, often transforming abandoned industrial zones into residential or commercial districts.

Question 5: Sketch a simple map showing a city centre with a park, residential area, and a main road connecting them. Label each area.

Answer: A correct sketch would include a central park, surrounding residential zones, and a main road running through or around these areas. Labels should clearly identify each part.

Question 6: Identify two social issues that are often associated with deprived urban areas.

Answer: Social issues include high crime rates and poor access to education and healthcare.

Question 7: Describe what is meant by 'urban decay' and give an example of a city that has experienced this problem.

Answer: Urban decay refers to the decline of a city’s infrastructure, buildings, and economy, often leading to abandoned areas. An example is Detroit in the USA.

Question 8: Suggest two ways that urban areas can promote sustainable development to address environmental issues.

Answer: Urban areas can promote sustainability by increasing green spaces and investing in renewable energy sources such as solar or wind power.

Question 9: Explain the importance of transport planning in reducing pollution and traffic problems in cities.

Answer: Transport planning helps by designing efficient public transport systems, reducing reliance on private vehicles, and encouraging walking and cycling, all of which decrease pollution and congestion.

Question 10: Identify and describe one challenge faced by urban areas in developing countries.

Answer: A major challenge is providing adequate housing and infrastructure for rapidly growing populations, often resulting in the development of informal settlements or slums.