Question 1: Define the term 'development' in the context of health and social care. Explain why development is considered a lifelong process.

Answer: Development refers to the progressive changes in a person's physical, emotional, social, and cognitive abilities over time. It is considered a lifelong process because changes occur continuously from infancy through old age, influenced by various factors.

Question 2: Identify and describe two biological factors that can affect an individual's development.

Answer: Two biological factors are genetics, which influence physical traits and health conditions, and health status, where illnesses or disabilities can impact physical and mental development.

Question 3: Describe how socio-economic status can influence a person's development, providing two specific examples.

Answer: Socio-economic status affects access to resources such as quality education and healthcare, which can influence development. For example, individuals from higher socio-economic backgrounds may receive better healthcare, leading to healthier development; whereas, those from lower backgrounds might face barriers that hinder their growth.

Question 4: Explain the impact of environmental factors on child development, giving two examples.

Answer: Environmental factors such as exposure to pollution or living in a safe, stimulating environment can affect development. For example, exposure to pollution may lead to respiratory problems, while a stimulating environment fosters cognitive and emotional growth.

Question 5: Discuss how family relationships can influence social and emotional development in young children.

Answer: Positive family relationships provide emotional support and security, promoting confidence and social skills. Conversely, conflict or neglect can lead to emotional difficulties and hinder social development.

Question 6: Sketch a diagram illustrating the different stages of human development from infancy to old age. Label each stage clearly.

Answer: A diagram with a timeline or series of silhouettes depicting stages such as infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. Each stage should be labeled accordingly, with brief descriptions if space allows.

Question 7: Identify a factor that can influence development differently for males and females. Explain your answer.

Answer: Hormonal differences, such as testosterone and estrogen, influence physical development, secondary sexual characteristics, and sometimes behavior, affecting development differently for males and females.

Question 8: Describe how access to healthcare services can affect an individual's development at different life stages.

Answer: Access to healthcare ensures early diagnosis and treatment of health issues, supporting healthy physical and mental development. Lack of access can lead to untreated conditions that hinder growth and development.

Question 9: Explain the concept of 'cultural factors' and how they can influence development, providing one example.

Answer: Cultural factors include beliefs, customs, and practices that influence behavior and development. For example, cultural attitudes towards gender roles can affect opportunities and social development.

Question 10: Identify and explain one psychological factor that can impact a person's development.

Answer: Self-esteem is a psychological factor that affects development. High self-esteem can promote confidence and social interaction, while low self-esteem may hinder emotional growth and social participation.