Question 1: Define 'development' in the context of health and social care. Why is it important to consider multiple factors when assessing development?

Answer: Development refers to the progress and growth of an individual in physical, emotional, social, and cognitive aspects. It is important to consider multiple factors because development is influenced by various interconnected elements that shape a person's overall well-being.

Question 2: List three biological factors that can affect a person's development and briefly explain how each one might influence growth.

Answer: 1. Genetics – determine inherited traits that influence physical characteristics and health risks. 2. Nutrition – affects physical growth, energy levels, and overall health. 3. Health conditions – chronic illnesses or disabilities can limit physical and cognitive development.

Question 3: Identify two environmental factors that can impact development. Provide examples of each.

Answer: 1. Family environment – supportive or neglectful parenting can influence emotional and social development. 2. Socioeconomic status – access to resources like education, healthcare, and safe living conditions affects overall development.

Question 4: Describe how cultural factors might influence an individual’s development, giving two specific examples.

Answer: Cultural factors shape beliefs, practices, and values that influence development. For example, cultural norms may affect gender roles, impacting social development. Dietary restrictions in certain cultures can influence nutritional intake and physical growth.

Question 5: Explain the role of peer relationships in social development during adolescence.

Answer: Peer relationships help adolescents develop social skills, self-identity, and emotional resilience. Positive interactions promote confidence, while negative experiences can impact self-esteem.

Question 6: Sketch a simple diagram illustrating a scenario where a person's development is influenced by both biological and environmental factors. Label the biological and environmental factors.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a central figure representing an individual, with arrows pointing to labels 'Biological Factors' (e.g., genetics, health) and 'Environmental Factors' (e.g., family, socioeconomic status).

Question 7: Identify and explain two ways in which socioeconomic status can influence cognitive development.

Answer: 1. Access to quality education – higher socioeconomic status often provides better educational resources, improving cognitive skills. 2. Exposure to enriching activities – families with higher income can afford books, extracurricular activities, and technology that stimulate mental development.

Question 8: Describe how emotional development can be affected by both biological and environmental factors. Provide one example of each.

Answer: Biological factors such as genetic predispositions can influence emotional regulation. Environmental factors like family support or trauma can impact emotional stability; for example, a nurturing environment promotes healthy emotional development, while neglect may hinder it.

Question 9: Design a brief plan for a community program aimed at supporting positive development in children from low-income families. List three key components of your plan.

Answer: 1. Providing free access to after-school educational activities and resources. 2. Offering parenting workshops to promote supportive home environments. 3. Partnering with local health services to ensure regular health checks and nutritional support.