Essay Question:

'Compare and contrast the political systems of Athens and Sparta, focusing on democracy and oligarchy.'

Question 1: Explain what is meant by 'democracy' in Athens and 'oligarchy' in Sparta. Write a brief introduction outlining the main differences between these systems. (4 marks)

Point: Outline the main advantage of Athenian democracy.

Evidence: Describe specific features that made Athenian democracy effective. (e.g., participation in decision-making, equality among citizens)

Question 2: Compare the benefits of Athenian democracy with the political system of Sparta. (6 marks)

Point: Outline the main advantage of Sparta's oligarchic system.

Evidence: Describe specific features that supported Spartan stability and military focus. (e.g., strong leadership, discipline, social cohesion)

Question 3: Explain why Sparta's oligarchical system was effective for maintaining stability. (4 marks)

Counter-argument: Discuss potential weaknesses or disadvantages of Athens' democracy and Sparta's oligarchy.

Question 4: Analyse the disadvantages of Athens' democracy and Sparta's oligarchy. (6 marks)