McCarthyism refers to the period in the early 1950s when Senator Joseph McCarthy led a campaign to root out alleged communists in the United States. It was marked by fear, suspicion, and accusations that often lacked evidence.

Source A: Excerpt from a speech by Senator McCarthy, 1950

'There are many communists infiltrating our government, and it is our duty to expose them.' Provenance: Speech delivered at a political rally, 1950.

Below is a timeline of significant events related to McCarthyism during the early 1950s:

1950: Senator Joseph McCarthy delivers speech claiming to have a list of communists in government.

1950: The McCarran Internal Security Act is passed, requiring communist organizations to register with the government.

1952: McCarthy begins his televised hearings, accusing numerous government officials of communist ties.

1954: The Army-McCarthy hearings are televised, leading to widespread public criticism of McCarthy.

1954: McCarthy is censured by the Senate, effectively ending his influence.

Source B: Excerpt from a newspaper report, 1954

'The Senate has voted to censure Senator McCarthy for his conduct during investigations.' Provenance: Newspaper article published shortly after the censure, 1954.

McCarthyism had a significant impact on American society:

• Many individuals were accused without proper evidence, leading to ruined careers and lives.
• The fear of communism led to restrictions on civil liberties and increased suspicion.
• The period caused widespread paranoia and a climate of distrust.

Source C: Excerpt from a historian's analysis, 1980

'McCarthyism exemplified the dangers of political hysteria and the violation of civil rights in the name of national security.' Provenance: Academic publication, 1980.