The Dissolution of the Monasteries was a process carried out by Henry VIII between 1536 and 1541, where he closed down monasteries, priories, convents, and friaries across England. This was part of his wider break from the Catholic Church, which led to the creation of the Church of England. Henry's motives were both religious and political, as he sought to consolidate power and control over religious institutions.

Source A: Extract from a royal proclamation (1536)

'The monasteries are to be dissolved, and their lands and wealth shall be taken into the crown's possession, to serve the kingdom and the king's purposes.' Provenance: Official government declaration issued by Henry VIII.

The causes of the Dissolution of the Monasteries are complex, involving religious, political, and economic factors. Henry VIII's break with the Catholic Church meant he no longer wanted monasteries to hold power or wealth. Additionally, many nobles and advisors saw the monasteries' wealth as a source of revenue for the crown. Others believed that reforming or dissolving monasteries would weaken the influence of the Pope.

Source B: Excerpt from a contemporary critic (1536)

'The monasteries have become centers of greed and corruption, and their dissolution will restore moral order to the kingdom.' Provenance: A critic’s pamphlet opposing the monasteries.

The process began with the closure of smaller monasteries and the suppression of their communities. Monks and nuns were often pensioned off or forced to leave. Larger monasteries were dissolved following official orders, with their lands and wealth confiscated by the crown. Many buildings were destroyed or repurposed.

Source C: Summary from a historian (late 20th century)

'The dissolution involved a systematic process of closing monasteries and seizing their assets, which drastically changed the religious landscape of England.' Provenance: Modern historical analysis.