The Kingdom of Benin, located in what is now southern Nigeria, established contact with Portuguese traders in the late 15th century. This contact marked the beginning of a significant trading relationship which included the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultural influences.

Source A: Portuguese Description of Benin (circa 1500)

'The people of Benin are skilled in trade and have plentiful markets filled with gold, ivory, and textiles. The king is powerful and welcomes our traders with open arms.'

Provenance: A Portuguese account written by a trader visiting Benin in 1500.

Over time, the relationship with the Portuguese influenced Benin’s culture, politics, and economy. The introduction of European goods, ideas, and technology had lasting effects.

Source B: Benin Art and Portuguese Influence (circa 1600)

'The art of Benin reflects a mixture of traditional style and European motifs, showing the influence of trade and contact with the Portuguese.'

Provenance: Art historian analysis of Benin bronzes and artworks from the 17th century.

The trade between Benin and Portugal was a complex relationship that brought both benefits and challenges. It transformed Benin’s society, economy, and culture over time.

Source C: Benin King’s Decree (early 1600s)

'We welcome the traders who bring wealth and new ideas, but we must preserve our traditions and sovereignty.'

Provenance: A translated royal decree from the Benin court.