Source A: Excerpt from a journal article

'During the early 20th century, investigative journalists known as muckrakers sought to expose corruption, social injustices, and abuses of power. Their work led to significant reforms in various sectors of American society.' Provenance: Summary from a history textbook, 2005.

Source B: Excerpt about Upton Sinclair

'Upton Sinclair’s novel, The Jungle, published in 1906, revealed the unsanitary conditions of the meatpacking industry, leading to food safety reforms.' Provenance: Educational resource on Progressive Era reformers.

Source C: Analysis of reform effects

'The efforts of muckrakers contributed significantly to the Progressive reforms, including antitrust laws, food safety regulations, and labor protections.' Provenance: Academic article on Progressive reform movements.

Source D: Criticism of muckrakers

'Some critics argued that muckrakers sensationalized issues or lacked objectivity, which could lead to distorted perceptions and unwarranted public outrage.' Provenance: Historical critique from a journal article.