Historian A: John D. Doe – Economic Perspective "John D. Doe argues that railroads were the backbone of America's economic growth in the late 19th century. He emphasizes how railroads facilitated the movement of goods and people across vast distances, spurred industrial expansion, and created new markets. According to Doe, the railroad industry attracted massive investments, led to technological innovations, and helped transform the United States into an economic powerhouse. His view highlights the positive role of railroads in fostering economic development and national prosperity."

Historian B: Jane R. Smith – Social Perspective "Jane R. Smith contends that railroads had a profound social impact that often overlooked economic benefits. She emphasizes how railroads contributed to the displacement of Native Americans, poor working conditions, and the growth of urban poverty. Smith argues that the rapid expansion of railroads led to environmental damage and increased inequality, as local communities often suffered from the negative consequences of industrial progress. Her perspective sheds light on the social costs and human suffering associated with railroad expansion."