The Persian Wars: The Battle of Marathon

History
Year 9 / GCSE / Grade 8
8 questions
~16 mins
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The Persian Wars: The Battle of Marathon

Subject: HistoryGrade: Year 9 / GCSE / Grade 8
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Grade Year 9 / GCSE / Grade 8
A

Introduction to the Battle of Marathon

Source A: Account of the Battle from Herodotus

'The Persians, confident of victory, advanced towards the Greek city-states. The Athenians, outnumbered but determined, chose to confront the Persians at Marathon. The Greek hoplites formed a strong phalanx and fought fiercely, ultimately defeating the Persians.'

Provenance: Herodotus, The Histories, written around 430 BC.

1.
Outline the main events described in Source A about the Battle of Marathon. (3 marks)
[3 marks]
2.
Explain why the Battle of Marathon was important for the Greeks. (4 marks)
[4 marks]
3.
Compare the strategies used by the Greeks and Persians at Marathon. (5 marks)
[5 marks]
B

The Significance of the Battle

Source B: A Greek Perspective

'The victory at Marathon proved that the Greeks could stand up to the Persians and prevented their invasion for the time being.'

Provenance: An ancient Greek historian, possibly written centuries after the event.

1.
Explain what Source B suggests about the significance of the Greek victory at Marathon. (3 marks)
[3 marks]
2.
Compare the importance of the Battle of Marathon for Athens and for Greece as a whole. (4 marks)
[4 marks]
3.
Analyse how the Battle of Marathon affected Greek confidence and unity. (5 marks)
[5 marks]
C

Legacy of the Battle of Marathon

Source C: Modern historian view

'The Battle of Marathon became a symbol of Greek courage and resistance, influencing perceptions of Greek military strength for centuries.'

Provenance: A modern history book discussing the long-term impact of Marathon.

1.
Explain the lasting significance of the Battle of Marathon according to Source C. (3 marks)
[3 marks]
2.
Compare the immediate and long-term effects of the Battle of Marathon. (4 marks)
[4 marks]

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Details

Created
1/1/2026
Updated
1/1/2026
Type
worksheet