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The Persian Wars: Thermopylae - Cause and Consequence

History
Year 9 / GCSE / Grade 8
0 questions
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About This Worksheet

A worksheet exploring the causes and consequences of the Battle of Thermopylae during the Persian Wars, designed to develop understanding of historical events and their significance.

Topics covered:

#History
#History
#The Persian Wars
#Standard
#Cause and Consequence
#Thermopylae
#Explain the causes of the Battle of Thermopylae
#Compare the significance of Thermopylae to other battles in the Persian Wars
#Analyse the consequences of Thermopylae for Greek and Persian history
#Outline the strategic decisions made by both sides

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The Persian Wars: Thermopylae - Cause and Consequence

Subject: HistoryGrade: Year 9 / GCSE / Grade 8
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Grade Year 9 / GCSE / Grade 8
A

Introduction to Thermopylae

The Battle of Thermopylae took place in 480 BC during the Persian Wars. A small Greek force, led by King Leonidas of Sparta, faced a much larger Persian army under Xerxes I. The battle is famous for the Spartans' heroic stand against overwhelming odds. This battle was a turning point in the Greek resistance against Persia.

Source A: Ancient Historian Herodotus

'The Spartans and their allies fought valiantly, knowing they faced almost certain death, but their stand delayed the Persians and inspired the Greek city-states.' Provenance: Herodotus, Histories, written around 430 BC.

1.
Explain why the Battle of Thermopylae was important for the Greek city-states. (3 marks)
[3 marks]
2.
Compare the strategies used by the Greeks and Persians during the battle. (4 marks)
[4 marks]
3.
Outline the events that led to the Spartans deciding to make a stand at Thermopylae. (4 marks)
[4 marks]
4.
Analyse the impact of the Spartan sacrifice at Thermopylae on Greek morale and unity. (5 marks)
[5 marks]
5.
Explain the consequences of the Persian victory after the battle. (3 marks)
[3 marks]
6.
Compare the significance of Thermopylae with the naval Battle of Salamis. (4 marks)
[4 marks]
7.
Outline how the Battle of Thermopylae influenced Greek and Persian perceptions of each other. (4 marks)
[4 marks]
8.
Write a short paragraph explaining why Thermopylae is remembered today as a symbol of courage. (5 marks)
[5 marks]

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Details

Created
1/1/2026
Updated
1/1/2026
Type
worksheet
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