Historian A: Margaret MacMillan – Political and Diplomatic Perspective

"Historian Margaret MacMillan argues that the League of Nations was an important step towards international cooperation, but ultimately failed because it lacked the power to enforce its decisions. She emphasizes that it was a symbol of hope after WWI, but its inability to prevent conflicts like the Manchurian Crisis showed its weaknesses. According to her, the League's reliance on diplomacy and moral persuasion was insufficient without the backing of major powers, which limited its effectiveness in maintaining global peace."

Historian B: E.H. Carr – Skeptical and Realist Perspective

"E.H. Carr contends that the League of Nations was doomed from the start because it was based on idealism rather than realism. He suggests that the League's structure was flawed because it depended on unanimous decisions and lacked military power. Carr believes that the League's failure reflected the selfish interests of major powers and their reluctance to surrender sovereignty. He views the League as an ineffective organisation that failed to prevent aggressive actions by countries like Italy and Japan, thus exposing its fundamental weaknesses."