Historian A: Margaret MacMillan – Diplomatic Perspective "Margaret MacMillan argues that the Treaty of Versailles was primarily a diplomatic failure, as the harsh terms imposed on Germany created resentment and economic hardship. She emphasizes that the victors aimed to punish Germany to ensure peace but underestimated the long-term consequences. Her view suggests that the treaty sowed the seeds of future conflict by failing to establish a sustainable peace, and that the terms were overly punitive and unrealistic for lasting stability."

Historian B: John Maynard – Economic Perspective "John Maynard contends that the economic clauses of the Treaty, such as reparations and territorial losses, were central to weakening Germany’s economy. He claims that the economic restrictions directly contributed to hyperinflation, unemployment, and social unrest, which destabilized the Weimar Republic. His interpretation highlights that the economic terms, rather than diplomatic failures alone, were key factors in Germany’s suffering and the subsequent rise of extremism."