Historian A: Margaret MacMillan – Economic Perspective "Margaret MacMillan argues that the harsh reparations and economic sanctions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles severely damaged Germany’s economy. She suggests that these restrictions created economic hardship, leading to hyperinflation, unemployment, and social unrest, which destabilized the Weimar Republic and contributed to the rise of extremism. MacMillan emphasizes the economic consequences as the primary reason for the difficulties faced by Germany after 1919."

Historian B: John Hiden – Social Perspective "John Hiden contends that the Treaty of Versailles had profound social impacts, including humiliation and national shame, which undermined the legitimacy of the Weimar government. He highlights feelings of betrayal among Germans, fostering resentment and a sense of injustice. Hiden believes these social and psychological factors were crucial in weakening the new democracy and paving the way for extremist ideologies. He focuses on the social and cultural consequences over economic aspects."