Question 1: Electric current is the rate of flow of electric charge through a conductor. It is measured in amperes (A).

Answer: Electric current is the rate at which electric charge flows through a conductor, measured in amperes (A).

Question 1: Define electric current in your own words.

Answer: Electric current is the flow of electric charge per unit time through a conductor.

Question 2: Which SI unit is used to measure electric current?

Answer: Ampere (A)

Question 3: Explain how current differs from voltage in an electrical circuit.

Answer: Current is the flow of charge, while voltage is the potential difference that causes the charge to flow.

Question 1: A circuit has a charge flow of 3 coulombs passing through a resistor in 2 seconds. Calculate the current in the circuit. (Use I = Q / t)

Answer: Current = 1.5 A

Question 2: In a circuit, if the current is 2 A and the resistance is 5 Ω, what is the voltage across the resistor? (Use V = I × R)

Answer: Voltage = 10 V

Question 1: Describe a simple experiment to measure the current in a circuit using a ammeter. Include the key variables to control and safety precautions.

Answer: To measure current, connect the ammeter in series with the component or circuit. Control variables include the voltage supply and component resistance. Ensure connections are secure, avoid touching live wires, and turn off power before connecting or disconnecting the ammeter.

Question 1: A circuit with a fixed voltage supplies different resistors, resulting in currents of 0.5 A, 1 A, and 2 A. Explain how the resistance changes in each case and what relationship exists between resistance and current.

Answer: As the current increases from 0.5 A to 2 A with the same voltage, the resistance decreases. According to Ohm's Law (V=IR), resistance is inversely proportional to current when voltage is constant.

Question 1: A 12 V battery powers a circuit with a resistance of 4 Ω. Calculate the current flowing through the circuit. Show all working.

Answer: Current = 3 A (using I=V/R)

Question 1: Explain how understanding current is important in designing electrical safety devices such as circuit breakers.

Answer: Understanding current helps in setting safe limits; circuit breakers trip when current exceeds safe levels, preventing damage and fire hazards.

Question 2: Describe a real-world example where controlling current is crucial in industry or daily life.

Answer: In electronic devices, controlling current prevents overheating and damage, ensuring safe operation and longevity of components.