Question 1: Define electric current in the context of electrical circuits.

Answer: Electric current is the flow of electric charge through a conductor or circuit.

Question 2: What is the SI unit of electric current?

Answer: Ampere (A)

Question 3: Explain how the current flows in a simple circuit with a battery and a resistor.

Answer: The current flows from the positive terminal of the battery through the resistor and back to the negative terminal, driven by the potential difference.

Question 4: Which instrument is used to measure electric current?

Answer: Ammeter

Question 5: Fill in the blank: The current in a circuit is directly proportional to the _______ applied across it, provided the resistance remains constant.

Answer: potential difference

Question 6: Describe a practical scenario where understanding electric current is essential.

Answer: In designing electrical appliances to ensure they operate safely and efficiently, such as selecting appropriate fuse ratings based on current flow.

Question 7: Calculate the current flowing through a circuit with a resistance of 10 ohms when a potential difference of 20 volts is applied.

Answer: I = V / R = 20V / 10Ω = 2A

Question 8: A circuit has a current of 3 amperes and a resistance of 6 ohms. What is the potential difference across the circuit?

Answer: V = I × R = 3A × 6Ω = 18V

Question 9: Identify the variables in the equation V = I × R and explain their significance.

Answer: V is the potential difference (volts), I is the current (amperes), and R is the resistance (ohms); they determine how voltage, current, and resistance relate in a circuit.

Question 10: Discuss how current differs in a series circuit compared to a parallel circuit.

Answer: In a series circuit, current is the same at all points, whereas in a parallel circuit, current divides among the branches, with total current being the sum of currents in each branch.