Question 1: Define potential difference in your own words.

Answer: Potential difference is the amount of energy transferred per unit charge between two points in an electric circuit, measured in volts.

Question 2: Explain how potential difference influences the flow of current in a circuit.

Answer: A higher potential difference provides more energy per charge, which increases the current flow through the circuit, assuming resistance remains constant.

Question 3: What is the SI unit of potential difference?

Answer: Volt (V)

Question 4: Multiple Choice: Which of the following best describes potential difference?

Answer: The energy transferred per unit charge between two points

Question 5: Calculate the potential difference across a resistor of 10 ohms when a current of 2 amperes flows through it. Use Ohm's Law: V = IR.

Answer: V = IR = 2 A * 10 Ω = 20 V

Question 6: Describe a simple experiment to demonstrate how potential difference affects current flow in a circuit.

Answer: Connect a battery, a variable resistor (rheostat), and an ammeter in series. Vary the voltage of the battery and observe how the current changes. Higher voltage (potential difference) results in increased current, demonstrating their relationship.

Question 7: Identify two safety precautions to observe when working with electrical circuits involving potential difference.

Answer: Ensure the circuit is disconnected from power before handling; avoid touching exposed wires to prevent electric shock.

Question 8: In a household circuit, if the potential difference is increased, what is likely to happen to the current, assuming resistance remains unchanged?

Answer: The current will increase because current is directly proportional to potential difference according to Ohm's Law.

Question 9: Explain how potential difference is used in everyday devices like flashlights or smartphones.

Answer: Potential difference provides the driving energy needed to move charges through the device's circuits, powering components like bulbs in flashlights or processors in smartphones, enabling their operation.

Question 10: Real-World Application: Describe how potential difference is important in the design of electric vehicles.

Answer: Potential difference in electric vehicle batteries determines the amount of energy available to power motors. Higher voltage batteries can deliver more power, improving vehicle performance and efficiency.