Question 1: Explain what is meant by the term 'density' in the context of particles and materials.

Answer: Density is the mass of a substance per unit volume, indicating how tightly particles are packed together.

Question 2: Why is calculating the density of chemicals important in industrial chemistry?

Answer: It helps determine material quality, purity, and suitability for specific processes, ensuring safety and efficiency.

Question 1: Define the formula used to calculate density.

Answer: Density = Mass / Volume

Question 2: Identify the SI units for mass, volume, and density.

Answer: Mass: kilogram (kg), Volume: cubic metre (m³), Density: kilogram per cubic metre (kg/m³)

Question 1: A sample of a chemical has a mass of 250 grams and occupies a volume of 0.125 m³. Calculate its density in kg/m³.

Answer: Density = 2,000 kg/m³

Question 2: A container holds 50 kg of a chemical with a density of 850 kg/m³. What is the volume of the chemical in cubic metres?

Answer: Volume = approximately 0.0588 m³

Question 1: Describe a safe method to measure the density of a viscous industrial fluid, including safety precautions.

Answer: Use a graduated cylinder or volumetric container to measure volume accurately, then weigh the sample with appropriate protective gear. Ensure the fluid is handled in a well-ventilated area, avoid spills, and wear gloves and eye protection. Record measurements carefully and calculate density using the formula.

Question 1: A chemical sample weighs 600 grams and has a volume of 0.3 m³. If the industry requires chemicals with a density of at least 2000 kg/m³, does this sample meet the criteria? Explain your reasoning.

Answer: First, convert mass to kg (0.6 kg). Density = 0.6 kg / 0.3 m³ = 2 kg/m³. Since 2 kg/m³ is less than 2000 kg/m³, the sample does not meet the industry requirement.

Question 1: An industrial process involves mixing chemicals to achieve a specific density of 1500 kg/m³. If a mixture has a total mass of 300 kg and a combined volume of 0.2 m³, determine whether it meets the target density. Show all your calculations.

Answer: Calculate the density: Density = Mass / Volume = 300 kg / 0.2 m³ = 1500 kg/m³. Since this matches the target density, the mixture meets the desired density exactly.

Question 1: Explain how understanding and controlling the density of a chemical product can impact its quality and safety in industrial manufacturing.

Answer: Controlling density ensures the correct concentration and purity of chemicals, which affects product performance and safety. Precise density measurements prevent defects, reduce waste, and ensure compliance with safety standards.