Question 1: Define density in your own words and state its unit of measurement.

Answer: Density is the mass of a substance per unit volume, measured in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm^3) or kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m^3).

Question 2: Explain how the particle model helps us understand the concept of density.

Answer: The particle model shows that particles are packed more tightly in denser objects, meaning more mass per unit volume.

Question 1: A block of aluminum has a mass of 540 grams and a volume of 150 cubic centimeters. Calculate its density.

Answer: Density = 540 g / 150 cm^3 = 3.6 g/cm^3

Question 2: A metal object has a density of 7.8 g/cm^3 and a volume of 25 cm^3. What is its mass?

Answer: Mass = Density × Volume = 7.8 g/cm^3 × 25 cm^3 = 195 g

Question 1: Outline the procedure to determine the density of a liquid using a measuring cylinder and a balance. Include safety precautions.

Answer: First, measure and record the mass of an empty container. Then, pour a known volume of the liquid into the container and record the total mass. Subtract the container's mass to find the liquid's mass. Calculate density by dividing the mass by the volume. Ensure the workspace is clean, handle liquids carefully to avoid spills, and wear safety goggles if necessary.

Question 1: A scientist measures the mass and volume of two different samples: Sample A has a mass of 120 grams and volume of 40 cm^3; Sample B has a mass of 150 grams and volume of 60 cm^3. Which sample is denser and by how much?

Answer: Sample A has a density of 3 g/cm^3, and Sample B has a density of 2.5 g/cm^3. Therefore, Sample A is denser by 0.5 g/cm^3.

Question 1: Explain how density calculations are important in the design of ships and submarines.

Answer: Density helps determine whether an object will float or sink. Engineers calculate the density of materials and the overall vessel to ensure it is buoyant and safe for operation in water.

Question 1: A cube of sulfur has a mass of 16 grams and a volume of 8 cm^3. Calculate its density. Then, explain what this density indicates about sulfur compared to water (density of water = 1 g/cm^3).

Answer: Density = 16 g / 8 cm^3 = 2 g/cm^3. Since sulfur's density is greater than water's, sulfur is denser and will sink if placed in water.