Question 1: Define density in terms of mass and volume.

Answer: Density is the mass of an object divided by its volume, typically expressed in units like g/cm³ or kg/m³.

Question 2: Explain why it is important to measure the mass and volume accurately when determining density.

Answer: Accurate measurements are essential because errors in mass or volume directly affect the calculated density, leading to incorrect results.

Question 1: A block has a mass of 150 grams and a volume of 50 cm³. What is its density?

Answer: 3 g/cm³

Question 2: An object has a density of 2.5 kg/m³ and a volume of 4 m³. What is its mass?

Answer: 10 kg

Question 1: Describe the main steps you would take to measure the density of an irregularly shaped object.

Answer: First, measure the mass of the object using a balance. Then, submerge the object in water and measure the volume of water displaced using a measuring cylinder. Calculate density by dividing mass by displaced volume.

Question 2: Identify two variables that need to be controlled during the density measurement experiment.

Answer: The temperature of the water and the accuracy of the measuring instruments.

Question 3: List one safety precaution students should follow when performing the density experiment involving water.

Answer: Ensure the water is not too hot to avoid burns, and handle the equipment carefully to prevent breakage.

Question 1: A student measures the mass of a metal sphere as 200 grams. When submerged in water, the displaced water volume is 50 cm³. Calculate the density and comment on whether the sphere is made of aluminum (density approximately 2.7 g/cm³) or sulfur (density approximately 2.0 g/cm³).

Answer: Density = 200 g / 50 cm³ = 4 g/cm³. The sphere's density is higher than both aluminum and sulfur, indicating it may be made of a denser material or that measurement errors occurred.

Question 1: Explain how understanding density is important in the shipping industry when designing cargo ships.

Answer: Knowing the density of cargo helps determine the ship's weight capacity and stability, ensuring safe and efficient transportation.

Question 2: Describe one way that the concept of density is used in designing floatation devices such as life jackets.

Answer: Life jackets are made of materials with lower density than water, allowing them to float and keep a person buoyant.