Question 1: Define elastic potential energy in your own words.

Answer: Elastic potential energy is the stored energy an object possesses when it is stretched or compressed, due to elastic deformation.

Question 2: Explain why a stretched rubber band has elastic potential energy.

Answer: Because when stretched, the rubber band's molecules are deformed, storing energy that can be released when it returns to its original shape.

Question 1: A spring with a spring constant of 200 N/m is compressed by 0.05 m. Calculate the elastic potential energy stored in the spring. (Use the formula E = 0.5 × k × x²).

Answer: E = 0.5 × 200 × (0.05)² = 0.5 × 200 × 0.0025 = 0.25 Joules

Question 2: A steel wire is stretched by a force of 50 N and elongates by 0.001 m. Given that the wire's original length is 2 m, and its Young's modulus is 2 × 10¹¹ Pa, calculate the elastic potential energy stored in the wire.

Answer: First, calculate the extension: ΔL = (F × L₀) / (A × Y). Assuming cross-sectional area A (not given), the energy stored is E = (1/2) × F × ΔL. Without A, this cannot be computed exactly; hence, approximate or specify assumptions in your answer.

Question 1: Describe a simple experimental method to measure the elastic potential energy stored in a stretched rubber band.

Answer: Stretch the rubber band by a known amount, measure the extension, calculate the elastic potential energy using E = 0.5 × k × x², where k can be estimated from the force needed to extend it.

Question 2: Identify three safety precautions when performing experiments involving elastic deformation of materials.

Answer: Wear safety goggles, avoid overstretching materials to prevent snapping, and ensure the workspace is clear of bystanders.

Question 3: In the context of engineering, explain how elastic energy storage is utilised in the design of spring-loaded mechanisms.

Answer: Spring-loaded mechanisms store elastic potential energy when compressed or stretched. This energy is released to perform work, such as launching objects or absorbing shocks, enabling controlled movement and impact mitigation.

Question 1: A trampoline mat is stretched to store elastic energy as a person jumps onto it. Describe what happens to the elastic potential energy when the person leaves the trampoline and how it affects the person's motion.

Answer: As the person jumps, elastic potential energy is stored in the stretched mat. When released, this energy converts back to kinetic energy, propelling the person upwards.

Question 2: Explain how elastic energy is used in the design of sports equipment such as tennis rackets or golf clubs.

Answer: These items are designed to store elastic energy when they are flexed during impact, which is then released to enhance the force delivered to the ball or shuttlecock, improving performance.