Question 1: Define gravitational potential energy (GPE).

Answer: GPE is the energy stored in an object due to its position relative to a gravitational field, calculated as GPE = mgh.

Question 2: Explain how the height of an object affects its gravitational potential energy.

Answer: The higher the object is above a reference point, the greater its GPE because GPE is directly proportional to height (h).

Question 1: An object with a mass of 10 kg is lifted to a height of 5 meters. Calculate its gravitational potential energy. (Use g = 9.8 m/s²)

Answer: 490 Joules

Question 2: A 2 kg object is raised to a height of 12 meters. What is its GPE? (Use g = 9.8 m/s²)

Answer: 235.2 Joules

Question 1: Describe an experiment to measure the GPE of an object. Include the variables you would control and measure.

Answer: An experiment involves measuring the mass of the object, lifting it to a known height, and calculating GPE using GPE = mgh. Variables to control include the height and mass; variables to measure include the mass and height.

Question 2: List two safety precautions when working with objects being lifted to measure GPE in a practical setting.

Answer: Ensure the lifting equipment is secure and capable of handling the mass, and keep a safe distance from the moving object during lifting.

Question 1: A 15 kg object is lifted from ground level to a platform 3 meters high. After lifting, the GPE is measured to be 441 Joules. Comment on whether this measured GPE aligns with the calculated value and explain possible reasons for any discrepancy.

Answer: Calculated GPE = mgh = 15 x 9.8 x 3 = 441 Joules, which matches the measured value. Discrepancies could arise from measurement errors, approximations of g, or energy losses due to air resistance or friction.

Question 1: Describe how understanding GPE is important in the design of roller coasters.

Answer: Designers utilise GPE to ensure that the coaster has enough potential energy at the start to complete the ride safely, converting GPE into kinetic energy while maintaining safety and excitement.

Question 2: Explain why it is important to consider safety when lifting heavy objects to different heights in construction.

Answer: Lifting heavy objects involves potential energy and risks of falling or equipment failure. Proper safety measures such as secure lifting devices, safety barriers, and trained personnel are essential to prevent accidents and injuries.