Question 1: Define gravitational potential energy (GPE).

Answer: GPE is the energy stored in an object due to its position relative to a gravitational field, typically dependent on height and mass.

Question 2: Explain how height and mass influence the amount of GPE an object has.

Answer: GPE increases with greater height and larger mass because both factors increase the energy stored due to gravity.

Question 3: What is the formula used to calculate gravitational potential energy? Include all units in your explanation.

Answer: GPE = mass (kg) × gravitational field strength (N/kg) × height (m).

Question 4: If a 5 kg object is lifted to a height of 10 m on Earth, what is its GPE? (Use g = 9.8 N/kg)

Answer: GPE = 5 kg × 9.8 N/kg × 10 m = 490 Joules

Question 5: Identify three factors that affect the GPE of an object in a real-world scenario.

Answer: The mass of the object, the height above the reference point, and the strength of the gravitational field.

Question 6: In an experiment, students lift a 2 kg book to a shelf 2 meters high. What is the GPE gained by the book?

Answer: GPE = 2 kg × 9.8 N/kg × 2 m = 39.2 Joules

Question 7: Which of the following statements is true?

Answer: GPE increases with height and mass.

Question 8: Fill in the blank: The GPE of an object is proportional to its __________, its height, and the acceleration due to gravity.

Answer: mass

Question 9: Describe a practical situation where GPE is converted into another form of energy. Include the process and energy transformation.

Answer: When a roller coaster descends from a high point, its GPE is converted into kinetic energy, causing it to accelerate and move faster.

Question 10: Explain how understanding GPE is important in the design of safe and efficient engineering systems, such as dams or elevators.

Answer: Designing dams to store potential energy for hydroelectric power relies on GPE calculations. Elevators use GPE principles to ensure safe lifting and lowering of cabins, considering weight and height to prevent mechanical failure.